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The Influence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Study in Rzeszów,

Katarzyna Kalandyk-Osinko1,2, Joanna Baran3, Rafał Baran3

  • 1Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|May 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women is linked to longer hospital stays for both mothers and newborns. Women with GDM also experienced more C-sections and recommended gestational weight gain.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects a significant percentage of pregnancies, posing risks for perinatal complications and long-term health issues.
  • Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) affects a smaller but notable proportion of pregnancies.
  • Understanding GDM's impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  • To compare outcomes between women with GDM and a control group without diabetes.
  • To identify specific impacts of GDM on hospital stay, delivery mode, and weight gain.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 65 women with GDM and 60 controls in Rzeszów, Poland.
  • GDM diagnosis confirmed via oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
  • Evaluation of maternal factors (BMI, gravidity, LOS, GWG, delivery type) and neonatal factors (LOS, birth weight, Apgar scores).

Main Results:

  • Women with GDM had significantly longer hospital stays (LOS) for both mothers and newborns (p<0.001).
  • Higher rates of Cesarean section (CS) delivery were observed in the GDM group (p=0.024).
  • Women with GDM were more likely to achieve gestational weight gain (GWG) within recommended ranges (p<0.001) and had higher pre-pregnancy BMI (p=0.023).

Conclusions:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with prolonged maternal and neonatal hospital stays.
  • GDM occurrence correlates with an increased likelihood of Cesarean section delivery.
  • The study highlights the impact of GDM on hospital resource utilization and delivery methods.

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