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Related Concept Videos

Rapid Identification of Pathogens01:25

Rapid Identification of Pathogens

MALDI-TOF MS has transformed clinical microbiology by offering a rapid and reliable method for pathogen identification. The traditional approach to microbial identification typically involves time-consuming culture techniques and biochemical tests, which can delay the initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. MALDI-TOF MS avoids these delays by using characteristic ribosomal protein mass patterns of microbial cells, enabling accurate species-level identification within minutes.Principle...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Microbial diagnostics in periodontal diseases.

Daniel Manoil1,2, Ana Parga1,3, Nagihan Bostanci2

  • 1Division of Cariology and Endodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Periodontology 2000
|May 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Clinical microbiology offers advanced tools for diagnosing periodontal disease, moving beyond traditional methods. Identifying microbial signatures can enable early detection and improve treatment predictability.

Keywords:
clinical microbiologydiagnosticsdysbiosismetaproteomicsnext‐generation sequencingoral microbial communitiesoral microbiology

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Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Periodontal diseases involve complex microbial communities, where pathobionts can trigger host immune responses leading to tissue destruction.
  • Current diagnosis and management of periodontal conditions primarily rely on clinical and radiographic assessments, often overlooking the established microbial etiology.
  • Technological advancements in microbial detection have significantly evolved our understanding of periodontal disease's microbial causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of periodontal etiological models and their connection to microbial detection technologies.
  • To evaluate current microbial analytical methods available for clinicians in periodontal assessment.
  • To emphasize the role of clinical microbiology in enhancing periodontal disease prevention, treatment, and antibiotic resistance surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of chronological emergence of periodontal etiological models.
  • Assessment of technological advances in microbial detection.
  • Analysis of culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • Discussion of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomic profiling.

Main Results:

  • Microbial analytical methods provide deeper insights into subgingival community dynamics and dysbiotic signatures.
  • Biomarker identification through microbial analysis offers potential for early diagnosis, preceding periodontal damage.
  • Culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are crucial for antibiotic resistance surveillance.
  • 16S rRNA and metagenomic profiling help outline microbial signatures indicative of dysbiosis.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical microbiology is underutilized in periodontology but holds significant potential for diagnostic implementation.
  • Integrating microbial analysis can enhance prevention strategies, improve treatment predictability, and guide judicious antibiotic use.
  • Early diagnostic possibilities through biomarker identification can help forestall disease relapses during maintenance phases.