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Evaluating the Relationship between Various Risk Factors and COVID-19 Incidence in People Living with HIV: A

Hamid Harandi1, Esmaeil Mehraeen2, Soudabeh Yarmohammadi3

  • 1Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Current HIV Research
|May 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

People living with HIV (PLWH) are more vulnerable to COVID-19. Multiple COVID-19 vaccine doses reduce infection risk, while antiretroviral adherence is crucial for managing viral illnesses in PLWH.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Immunology

Background:

  • People living with HIV (PLWH) face increased susceptibility and severity of COVID-19.
  • Understanding COVID-19 risk factors in PLWH is critical for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and various risk factors in people living with HIV.
  • To analyze the impact of vaccination status and antiretroviral therapy on COVID-19 outcomes in PLWH.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive-analytical study involving 160 people living with HIV (PLWH) in Tehran.
  • Data collected via checklist, analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square, t-tests, logistic regression) in R software.
  • Convenient sampling method used for patient recruitment.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 incidence showed a significant association with hepatitis C and duration since HIV diagnosis (p<0.001).
  • While the first COVID-19 vaccine dose correlated with increased incidence, subsequent doses (second and third) demonstrated a reduced risk.
  • No significant link was found between antiretroviral medication use and COVID-19 infection (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Multiple COVID-19 vaccinations are recommended for people living with HIV to decrease infection probability.
  • Adherence to health protocols is essential for PLWH, particularly those not compliant with antiretroviral therapy, due to their heightened vulnerability.
Abstract

Keywords:
AIDSCOVID-19HIVPLWHinfection.risk factors

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