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GLP-1 receptor agonists and myocardial metabolism in atrial fibrillation

Jiani Zhong1,2, Hang Chen1,2, Qiming Liu1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
|May 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may improve heart cell metabolism and reduce atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, particularly in patients with diabetes and obesity. Further research is needed to confirm clinical benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia linked to metabolic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.
  • Cardiomyocytes exhibit distinct metabolic profiles crucial for ATP production, which are altered in AF.
  • Existing risk factors for AF include heart failure (HF), diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review metabolic alterations in cardiomyocytes during AF.
  • To explore the potential of GLP-1RAs in mitigating AF-related metabolic changes.
  • To assess the impact of GLP-1RAs on myocardial metabolism in the context of AF risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cardiomyocyte metabolism in AF.
  • Analysis of the known effects of GLP-1RAs on metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial function.
  • Examination of clinical trial data and preclinical findings regarding GLP-1RA efficacy in AF and related conditions.

Main Results:

  • Significant metabolic shifts occur in cardiomyocytes affected by AF.
  • GLP-1RAs demonstrate pleiotropic effects, including reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and improved mitochondrial function.
  • While clinical trial outcomes for AF prevention have been mixed, GLP-1RAs show promise in improving myocardial metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1RAs may offer a therapeutic strategy to improve myocardial metabolism in individuals at risk for AF.
  • Targeting metabolic pathways with GLP-1RAs could potentially lower AF incidence, especially in patients with T2DM and obesity.
  • Further clinical investigation is warranted to solidify the role of GLP-1RAs in AF management.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsMetabolism

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