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Investigating the Prevalence and Predictors of Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in Gujarat, India

Mehjabin M Hirani1, Rohankumar Gandhi2, Dipenkumar G Thakkar3

  • 1General Medicine, Shri M P Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, IND.

Cureus
|May 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Uncontrolled hypertension affects over 60% of patients in a Gujarat tertiary care setting. Key predictors include older age, obesity, diabetes, kidney disease, and smoking, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Uncontrolled hypertension is a significant public health issue, increasing cardiovascular risks like stroke and myocardial infarction.
  • Effective hypertension management is vital for preventing severe cardiovascular complications.
  • Identifying prevalence and predictors of uncontrolled hypertension is essential for targeted public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension.
  • To identify predictors of uncontrolled hypertension among patients at a tertiary care Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) clinic in Gujarat, India.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted with 732 adult hypertensive patients.
  • Data collected included sociodemographics, lifestyle, anthropometrics, and comorbidities.
  • Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg; logistic regression identified predictors.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 60.2%.
  • Independent predictors identified were increasing age (aOR: 1.21), higher BMI (aOR: 1.49), diabetes (aOR: 1.68), chronic kidney disease (aOR: 2.11), and current smoking (aOR: 1.83).

Conclusions:

  • A high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was observed in this tertiary care setting.
  • Age, obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and smoking are significant predictors.
  • Interventions targeting these modifiable risk factors are crucial for improving blood pressure control and reducing complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
hypertensionlogistic regression modelprevalence studyrisk predictorstertiary care centers

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