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Related Experiment Videos

Systemic absorption of topically applied ocular timolol.

T Kaila1, L Salminen, R Huupponen

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Turku, Finland.

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology
|January 1, 1985
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Topical ocular timolol eye drops are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream. This systemic absorption of timolol can lead to rapid cardiovascular and pulmonary side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Topical ocular timolol is frequently prescribed for glaucoma management.
  • Systemic side effects, including cardiovascular and pulmonary events, have been reported with timolol eye drops.
  • The rate and extent of systemic absorption following ocular administration are not fully characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the systemic absorption kinetics of topically applied ocular timolol.
  • To correlate the plasma concentrations of timolol with the onset of systemic effects.

Main Methods:

  • Administered 20 microliters of 0.5% timolol solution unilaterally in the lower conjunctival cul-de-sac.
  • Collected plasma samples from 6 healthy volunteers at various time points post-instillation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured timolol plasma concentrations using a validated assay.

    • Main Results:

    • Measurable timolol plasma concentrations (≥ 215 pg/ml) were detected as early as 3 minutes post-application in one subject.
    • By 5 minutes, three subjects exhibited measurable timolol levels.
    • All but one subject showed measurable timolol concentrations by 8 minutes.

    Conclusions:

    • Topical ocular timolol undergoes rapid systemic absorption.
    • The observed rapid systemic absorption is consistent with the swift onset of reported cardiovascular and pulmonary side effects.
    • This highlights the importance of monitoring for systemic effects even with topical ocular drug delivery.