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Prevalence of PTSD in Active Duty Members with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Choang Lai1, Elizabeth A Kostas-Polston1, Mary B Engler1
1Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
The pooled prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among U.S. active duty service members with mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is 36%. This highlights a significant mental health concern within the military population requiring further research and standardized diagnostic approaches.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Military Health
Background:
- Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a prevalent concern for U.S. active duty service members (ADSMs).
- mTBI is associated with increased risk for psychiatric outcomes, notably Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
- The precise prevalence of PTSD in ADSMs with mTBI remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the existing literature.
- To determine the pooled prevalence of PTSD among ADSMs diagnosed with mTBI.
- To identify potential sources of variability in prevalence estimates.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Comprehensive database searches (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO) from 2008-2024.
- Meta-analysis using R software (version 4.3.2) with 'meta' and 'meta prop' packages.
Main Results:
- Eight studies yielded a pooled PTSD prevalence of 36% (95% CI, 30%-41%) in ADSMs with mTBI.
- Cohort studies reported a higher prevalence of 38% (95% CI, 19%-59%).
- Cross-sectional studies indicated a slightly lower prevalence of 34% (95% CI, 27%-40%).
Conclusions:
- Methodological variations, including differing diagnostic criteria, contribute to prevalence estimate variability.
- This meta-analysis provides critical insights into the comorbidity of PTSD and mTBI in military personnel.
- Standardized methodologies and further research are essential for improved understanding and support strategies.
