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Association between lipid profile and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients

Luis Antonio Ochoa-Ramírez1, Alberto Kousuke De la Herrán Arita2, Jorge Guillermo Sanchez-Zazueta3

  • 1Hospital General de Culiacán "Bernardo J. Gastelum", Servicios de Salud de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.

Scientific Reports
|May 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglyceride levels significantly predict COVID-19 mortality in Mexican patients. Lower HDL-c and higher triglycerides indicate increased risk, alongside age and hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) plays a role in immune cell function by regulating lipid rafts.
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection impacts lipid profiles, but its prognostic significance in COVID-19 is understudied, especially in the Mexican population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the predictive value of HDL-c and lipid profiles for COVID-19 severity and survival.
  • To investigate the association between lipid parameters and mortality risk in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models.
  • Analyzed data from 102 Mexican patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first wave of the pandemic.
  • Evaluated the impact of HDL-c, triglycerides, age, hypertension, gender, diabetes, and obesity on survival outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Age and hypertension were significant predictors of survival (p<0.05).
  • Elevated triglycerides and lower HDL-c levels were associated with increased COVID-19 mortality risk (p=0.032).
  • Gender, diabetes, and obesity did not show a significant impact on survival in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Lipid profiles, particularly HDL-c and triglycerides, are crucial for assessing COVID-19 prognosis.
  • Integrating lipid parameters with traditional risk factors can improve risk stratification for COVID-19 patients.
  • Further research is needed to explore the role of dyslipidemia in COVID-19 outcomes and inform therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
BiomarkerCOVID-19 severityHDL cholesterolSARS-CoV-2

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