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Full-length MSP1 is a major target of protective immunity after controlled human malaria infection

Micha Rosenkranz1, Irene N Nkumama2,3, Rodney Ogwang3

  • 1Centre of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany micha.rosenkranz@web.de.

Life Science Alliance
|May 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Full-length merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1FL) antibodies trigger potent immune responses. These Fc-mediated functions, including complement fixation and phagocytosis, are strongly linked to protection against malaria.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Malariology

Background:

  • Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) is abundant on invasive *Plasmodium falciparum* merozoites.
  • MSP1 is a key target for immune responses against malaria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if full-length MSP1 (MSP1FL) induces Fc-IgG functional activity.
  • To correlate these Fc-mediated functions with protection in a human malaria challenge study.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized samples from a controlled human malaria challenge study.
  • Assessed Fc-IgG functional activity using five independent assays: C1q complement fixation, monocyte phagocytosis, neutrophil respiratory burst, NK cell degranulation, and IFNγ production.
  • Correlated antibody activity with protection.

Main Results:

  • Anti-MSP1FL antibodies induced complement fixation, monocyte phagocytosis, neutrophil respiratory burst, NK cell degranulation, and IFNγ production.
  • Activity in all tested Fc-mediated assays was strongly associated with protection against malaria.
  • The breadth of MSP1-specific Fc-mediated effector functions showed a stronger association with protection than individual measures.

Conclusions:

  • MSP1FL is a significant target of functional antibodies contributing to protective immunity against malaria.
  • Fc-mediated effector functions are crucial for antibody-dependent protection against *Plasmodium falciparum* infection.

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