Effect of Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Gerontology
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) presents challenges for cognitive function in the elderly.
• Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is being explored as a potential intervention for cognitive enhancement.
• At-home delivery of tDCS offers a novel approach to managing MCI.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of at-home transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
• To assess the safety profile of self-administered tDCS in a home setting for MCI patients.

Main Methods:

• Elderly participants (60-80 years) with objective memory impairments received either active or sham tDCS at home for two weeks.
• Stimulation targeted the dorsal frontal cortex (left: anode; right: cathode).
• Cognitive function was assessed using visual recognition tasks and the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE); safety and compliance were monitored remotely.

Main Results:

• Active tDCS significantly improved response times and Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores compared to sham stimulation.
• No significant differences were observed in the accuracy of responses between active and sham groups.
• High compliance (97.5%) was achieved, with minor skin burns reported in three participants, resolving without permanent issues.

Conclusions:

• Home-based tDCS shows potential as a viable treatment for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
• Further technological development and safety considerations are necessary for widespread adoption.
• This preliminary study highlights the promise of accessible tDCS interventions for cognitive health in older adults.