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High-Power and Large-Area Anodes for Safe Lithium-Metal Batteries.

Son Ha1, Ji Yong Park2, Sung-Ho Huh3

  • 1KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Summary

Researchers developed a strategy using double-walled carbon nanotube membranes to improve lithium deposition kinetics. This enhances lithium metal anode safety and performance in high-power batteries.

Keywords:
double‐walled carbon nanotube (DWNT)heterogeneous lithium deposition reaction (LDR)large‐area lithium metal anodeprotective bilayerselective surface lithium deposition

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium deposition reaction (LDR) on lithium foil anodes (LFA) can form high-aspect-ratio structures, compromising battery safety.
  • Boosting LDR kinetics is crucial for developing high-power and safe lithium metal anodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate kinetic limitations of LDR on LFA.
  • To design double-walled carbon nanotube (DWNT) membranes for catalyzing high-safety LDRs.

Main Methods:

  • Operando and ex situ observations combined with electrochemical analyses.
  • Design and application of ultra-thin, high-modulus DWNT membranes with tailored surface properties.
  • Layer-by-layer assembly of oxygen-functionalized and pristine DWNT membranes.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen-functionalized DWNT membranes induced uniform lithium nuclei, enabling film-like deposition at high current densities (20 mA cm⁻²).
  • Bilayer DWNT membranes created selective surface LDRs, protecting the underlying lithium metal anode.
  • The protected LFA demonstrated over 1000 cycles in large-area pouch cells at high current densities.

Conclusions:

  • DWNT membranes effectively catalyze safe LDRs, overcoming kinetic limitations.
  • This strategy enables practical, high-performance lithium metal anodes in conventional liquid electrolytes.
  • The developed method significantly enhances battery safety and cycling stability.