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Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Published on: October 2, 2020
Pre-Infection Nutritional Status, Oxidative Stress, and One-Year-Long COVID Persistence in Patients Undergoing
Natalia Stepanova1,2, Lesya Korol1, Tetyana Ostapenko3
1State Institution "O.O. Shalimov National Scientific Center of Surgery and Transplantology of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine", 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Background:
Nutritional status's role in long COVID is evident in the general population, yet unexplored in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), posing a research gap. We hypothesized that pre-infection undernutrition in HD patients might impact long COVID persistence by accelerating oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the association between pre-infection nutritional status, oxidative stress, and one-year-long COVID persistence in HD patients.
Methods:
This prospective observational cohort study enrolled 115 HD patients with confirmed COVID-19. Nutritional status was assessed using the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score twice: before infection and three months post-infection. Oxidative markers included malondialdehyde (MDAs), ceruloplasmin, transferrin, and sulfhydryl groups. The endpoint was one-year-long COVID persistence.
Results:
Moderate pre-infection CONUT scores were associated with heightened severe undernutrition risk (p < 0.0001), elevated MDAs (p < 0.0001), and reduced ceruloplasmin levels (p = 0.0009) at three months post-COVID-19 compared to light CONUT scores. Pre-infection CONUT score independently predicted post-COVID oxidative damage [OR 2.3 (95% CI 1.2; 4.6), p < 0.0001] and one-year-long COVID persistence [HR 4.6 (95% CI 1.4; 9.9), p < 0.0001], even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Conclusion:
Moderate pre-infection undernutrition heightens post-COVID oxidative stress and increases the risk of one-year-long COVID persistence in HD patients.
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