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Evaluation of the clinical performance of different occlusal device materials
Duygucan Pecenek1, Bilge Gokcen-Rohlig2, Deger Ongul3
1Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Statement Of Problem:
Computer aided technologies have been used to fabricate occlusal devices. However, the clinical behavior of the newly developed materials developed for occlusal devices is unknown.
Purpose:
The purpose of this prospective, double-blind study was to assess the clinical efficacy of recently introduced computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials for the fabrication of occlusal devices.
Material And Methods:
A total of 24 participants were divided randomly into 2 study groups; polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and a control group (CG). Conventional impressions and gypsum casts were obtained from all participants. In the study groups, the casts were digitalized with an extraoral digital scanner, designed with a software program (Bite Occlusal Device Module; exocad GmbH) and milled from PEEK and PMMA blocks. Clear resin sheets were used for occlusal device fabrication in the CG. The baseline measurements were made during the initial appointments. After 6 months, the participants returned for follow-up evaluations. Clinical performance based on surface roughness, wear of the antagonist teeth, occlusal device fit and therapeutic effect, as well as participant satisfaction were compared using the 1-way ANOVA test between the main groups (α=.05). The post hoc and Kruskal Wallis-H tests were used to compare the nonparametric group.
Results:
The therapeutic effects of the occlusal devices did not differ. All participants showed improvement in palpation and mandibular movement scores, but no statistically significant differences were found among the groups (P>.05). PEEK and PMMA had statistically less surface wear than CG (P<.001) and led to less antagonist tooth wear. No significant participant satisfaction difference was seen among the groups (P>.05). The control group had the best fit (P<.001).
Conclusions:
Recent CAD-CAM materials exhibit clinically acceptable outcomes, and their performance is comparable with that of traditional materials. CAD-CAM materials appear suitable in terms of accuracy, surface wear, and therapeutic efficacy.
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