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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
Published on: January 7, 2019
A viral attack on brain tumors: the potential of oncolytic virus therapy
Kasra Mokhtarpour1, Milad Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei1,2, Nima Rezaei3,4,5
1Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran.
Abstract:
Managing malignant brain tumors remains a significant therapeutic hurdle that necessitates further research to comprehend their treatment potential fully. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer many opportunities for predicting and combating tumors through several mechanisms, with both preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating potential. OV therapy has emerged as a potent and effective method with a dual mechanism. Developing innovative and effective strategies for virus transduction, coupled with immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy drugs, strengthens this new technique. Furthermore, the discovery and creation of new OVs that can seamlessly integrate gene therapy strategies, such as cytotoxic, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory, are promising advancements. This review presents an overview of the latest advancements in OVs transduction for brain cancer, focusing on the safety and effectiveness of G207, G47Δ, M032, rQNestin34.5v.2, C134, DNX-2401, Ad-TD-nsIL12, NSC-CRAd-S-p7, TG6002, and PVSRIPO. These are evaluated in both preclinical and clinical models of various brain tumors.
Insights
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) show promise for treating malignant brain tumors. This review highlights advancements in OV therapy, including gene-enhanced viruses and combinations with other treatments, for improved cancer outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Gene Therapy
Background:
- Malignant brain tumors present significant therapeutic challenges.
- Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer a promising approach for cancer treatment.
- OV therapy utilizes a dual mechanism for tumor targeting and destruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in oncolytic virus transduction for brain cancer.
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of specific OV candidates.
- To explore innovative strategies for enhancing OV therapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical and clinical studies on various oncolytic viruses.
- Focus on virus transduction strategies and combination therapies.
- Analysis of gene therapy integration within OVs.
Main Results:
- Several OV candidates (G207, G47Δ, M032, etc.) show potential in preclinical and clinical models.
- Combination of OVs with immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy enhances efficacy.
- Gene-modified OVs with cytotoxic, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory functions are promising.
Conclusions:
- Oncolytic virus therapy is an evolving and potent strategy for brain cancer.
- Further research into OV transduction and combination therapies is warranted.
- Development of novel, gene-integrated OVs holds significant therapeutic potential.
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