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Association between breakfast patterns and executive function among adolescents in Shanghai, China
Xuelai Wang1, Shuangxiao Qu1, Dongling Yang1
1Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in Nutrition
|May 29, 2024
Summary
Adolescents with regular breakfast patterns, particularly those consuming "Abundant foods," showed better executive function. Improving breakfast habits is crucial for adolescent public health and cognitive development.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Developmental Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Executive function is critical for adolescent development and academic success.
- Breakfast consumption is a key dietary behavior with potential impacts on cognitive function.
- Understanding specific breakfast patterns associated with executive function can inform targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between distinct breakfast patterns and executive function in Shanghai adolescents.
- To identify specific breakfast food groups linked to better or worse executive function outcomes.
- To provide evidence for public health strategies promoting optimal adolescent nutrition and cognitive health.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 3,012 adolescents (aged 12-13 years) in Shanghai.
- Breakfast patterns identified using Latent Class Analysis based on the Diet Quality Questionnaire for China.
- Executive function assessed via the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Parent Version.
Main Results:
- Three breakfast patterns emerged: "Egg and milk foods", "Grain foods", and "Abundant foods".
- Adolescents in the "Abundant foods" group had significantly lower odds of executive dysfunction in initiation and organization.
- "Grain foods" and "Egg and milk foods" patterns were also associated with reduced risk of executive dysfunction, including working memory deficits.
Conclusions:
- Specific breakfast patterns are significantly associated with executive function in adolescents.
- Promoting diverse and nutrient-rich breakfast patterns, such as "Abundant foods," may enhance executive function.
- Improving adolescent breakfast habits represents a vital public health intervention for cognitive development.
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