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Prevalence of Refractive Errors Among School-Going Children in Urban Versus Rural Areas

Tanmay Srivastava1, Aalok Kumar2, Ekagrata Shukla2

  • 1Ophthalmology, Maa Vindhyavasini Autonomous State Medical College, Mirzapur, IND.

Cureus
|May 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Refractive errors affect 17.43% of school children, with higher rates in urban areas. Early detection and awareness of electronic device use are crucial for preventing vision impairment in children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Refractive error is a leading cause of global visual impairment.
  • Prevalence increased post-COVID-19 pandemic due to lifestyle changes.
  • Childhood vision impairment can hinder development and often goes unreported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of refractive errors in urban and rural school children.
  • To identify differences in prevalence between urban and rural populations.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 2024 school children.
  • Visual acuity testing using Snellen's chart.
  • Refraction and retinoscopy performed for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Overall refractive error prevalence was 17.43%.
  • Urban children (22.14%) had higher prevalence than rural children (12.71%).
  • Simple myopia was the most common error; 62.1% of affected children had no prior complaints.

Conclusions:

  • Refractive error prevalence is significant, particularly in urban settings.
  • Regular school screenings are recommended.
  • Public awareness about electronic device usage is essential.
Abstract

Keywords:
electronic devicesmyopiaprevalencerefractive errorschool-going children

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