Bilateral Spontaneous Pneumothoraces in a Case of Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis and Septic Emboli: A Rare Complication

Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure from infective endocarditis with septic emboli has been attributed to the vicious cycle of tissue damage and inflammatory cytokine response. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare complication and can be a late-onset presentation despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. We present a rare case of bilateral spontaneous pneumothoraces in a patient with tricuspid valve endocarditis and septic pulmonary emboli. We suspect that the profound inflammatory response from two different bacterial pathogens and the peripheral location of the septic thrombosis are the basis of the development of bilateral pneumothorax development in our patient.