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TRIM Expression in HNSCC: Exploring the Link Between Ubiquitination, Immune Infiltration, and Signaling Pathways

Kun Wang1, Wei Zhu2, Wei Huang3

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of General Medicine
|May 29, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Four TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases (TRIM2, TRIM11, TRIM28, TRIM56) are upregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and promote lymphovascular invasion. These TRIMs also correlate with immune infiltration, suggesting roles in tumor immunity and personalized HNSCC medicine.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Ubiquitination is a critical post-translational modification.
  • The role of TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains largely undetermined.
  • Lymphovascular invasion is a key factor in HNSCC progression and metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the significance of TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases in lymphovascular invasion within HNSCC.
  • To explore the association between TRIM expression, immune infiltration, and signaling pathways in HNSCC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiple bioinformatics databases (UbiBrowser 2.0, UALCAN, TIMER, TISIDB, LinkedOmics, STRING, GeneMANIA) to analyze TRIM expression and related parameters.
  • Confirmed TRIM expression in HNSCC using immunohistochemistry.
  • Analyzed co-expressed genes, ubiquitination substrates, and signaling pathway involvement.

Main Results:

  • TRIM2, TRIM11, TRIM28, and TRIM56 were found to be upregulated in HNSCC exhibiting lymphovascular invasion.
  • TRIM expression showed a strong correlation with immune cell infiltration, including associations with PD-1 and CTLA-4.
  • Predicted roles for TRIMs in ubiquitination, tumor-related pathways, and key signaling cascades (MAPK, PI3K-Akt, JAK-STAT).

Conclusions:

  • Ubiquitination mediated by these four TRIMs may play a role in regulating tumor immunity in HNSCC.
  • The identified TRIMs could serve as potential biomarkers for predicting lymphovascular invasion and guiding personalized medicine approaches in HNSCC.
  • These TRIMs may exert oncogenic effects by promoting lymphovascular invasion in HNSCC.
Keywords:
TRIMbioinformatic analysishead and neck squamous cell carcinomalymphovascular invasionubiquitination

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