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Ethyl acetate in e-liquids: Implications for breath testing.

Alaina K Holt1,2, Abby M Veeser1, Justin L Poklis3

  • 1Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1015 West Main Street, Room 2015, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|May 29, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ethyl acetate in e-liquids can convert to ethanol in the body. This may cause false positives on breathalyzer tests, impacting workplace safety and regulatory enforcement.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Environmental Health
  • Chemical Analysis

Background:

  • Electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) contain diverse chemicals for flavor and effects.
  • Ethyl acetate is a common e-liquid constituent with implications for health and safety.
  • In vivo hydrolysis of ethyl acetate produces ethanol, raising concerns about physiological effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and concentration of ethyl acetate in a specific e-liquid ('Heisenberg').
  • To assess the potential impact of ethyl acetate in e-liquids on breath ethanol testing.
  • To highlight regulatory gaps concerning chemical constituents in e-liquids.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a 'Heisenberg' e-liquid sample submitted to a forensic toxicology laboratory.
  • Quantification of ethyl acetate concentration using laboratory methods.
  • Evaluation of commercially purchased 'Heisenberg' e-liquids for ethyl acetate content.

Main Results:

  • The analyzed 'Heisenberg' e-liquid contained 1,488 ± 6 mg/L of ethyl acetate.
  • Purchased 'Heisenberg' e-liquids were confirmed to contain ethyl acetate.
  • Detected ethyl acetate levels could lead to significant in vivo ethanol accumulation.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of ethyl acetate in e-liquids indicates insufficient regulatory oversight.
  • Ethyl acetate inhalation/ingestion may interfere with accurate breath ethanol testing.
  • Findings have implications for workplace safety policies and the interpretation of drug tests.