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Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation

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Multibubble sonoluminescence in supercooled water.

Bernhard Lindinger¹, Hendrik Söhnholz¹, Robert Mettin¹

¹Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

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Summary

Short ultrasound pulses can prevent ice crystallization in supercooled water, enabling the study of sonoluminescence (SL) from cavitation bubbles. This research explores SL intensity and bubble collapse temperatures in supercooled liquids.

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Area of Science:

Acoustics
Physical Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Supercooled water is prone to ice crystallization.
Cavitation can be induced by ultrasound.
Sonoluminescence (SL) is light emission from collapsing bubbles.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate cavitation and crystallization in supercooled water using ultrasound.
To assess sonoluminescence from cavitation bubbles in supercooled water.
To determine the effect of supercooling on SL intensity and bubble collapse temperature.

Main Methods:

Inducing cavitation in supercooled water with 20 kHz ultrasound pulses.
Imaging cavitation and crystallization events with a high-speed camera.
Measuring sonoluminescence using an image intensifier and summing light emission events.

Main Results:

Short ultrasound pulses reduce the probability of ice crystallization in supercooled water.
Sonoluminescence was observed from cavitation bubbles in supercooled water.
SL intensity increased with decreasing temperature (increasing supercooling).
Calculations indicated increased bubble collapse peak temperature with supercooling, with a predicted fall-off at higher supercooling levels.

Conclusions:

Controlled ultrasound pulses can stabilize supercooled water against crystallization.
Sonoluminescence provides insights into bubble dynamics and thermodynamics in supercooled liquids.
The observed SL behavior is consistent with reduced vapor pressure and increased bubble collapse temperatures at higher supercooling.