Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ladder Diagrams: Redox Equilibria01:30

Ladder Diagrams: Redox Equilibria

449
Ladder diagrams are useful tools for understanding redox equilibrium reactions, especially the effects of concentration changes on the electrochemical potential of the reaction. The vertical axis in the redox ladder diagrams represents the electrochemical potential, E. The area of predominance is demarcated using the Nernst equation.
Consider the Fe3+/Fe2+ half-reaction, which has a standard-state potential of +0.771 V. At potentials more positive than +0.771 V, Fe3+ predominates, whereas Fe2+...
449
Electromotive Force02:36

Electromotive Force

26.1K
Electricity is generated by either electrons or ions flowing through a solution or a conducting medium. This flow of electrons or specifically electrical charge is defined as an electric current. When electrons move through a wire, they generate an electric current. It can be recalled  that in a redox reaction, electrons are lost and gained. In the spontaneous redox reaction of zinc  with copper, when zinc is immersed in a copper ion solution, a transfer of electrons from one...
26.1K
Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

563
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
563
Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

26.3K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
26.3K
The Nernst Equation02:59

The Nernst Equation

40.7K
Nonstandard Reaction Conditions
The interconnection between standard cell potentials and various thermodynamic parameters such as the standard free energy change ΔG° and equilibrium constant K has been previously explored. For example, a redox reaction involving zinc(II) and tin(II) ions at 1 M concentration with Eºcell = +0.291 V and ΔG° = −56.2 kJ is spontaneous.
40.7K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

43.7K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
43.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Computational Electrosynthesis: A Perspective on Mechanistic Questions, Methodological Approaches, and Elucidating the Role of the Electrical Double Layer.

The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces·2025
Same author

ECE vs DISP Mechanisms in Anodic Electrolysis of Benzyl Alcohols: Computational Prediction of Microscopic Rate Constants.

The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces·2025
Same author

A Case for Dynamic Percolation Underlying Mechanistic Crossovers in the Relaxation of Liquids.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025
Same author

Ion and Solvent Modulation of Ferrocene and Decamethylferrocene Oxidation Potentials in Organic Electrolytes as Predicted by Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025
Same author

Catalytic Role of Methanol in Anodic Coupling Reactions Involving Alcohol Trapping of Cation Radicals.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2024
Same author

Structural Properties of [N1888][TFSI] Ionic Liquid: A Small Angle Neutron Scattering and Polarizable Molecular Dynamics Study.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2024
Same journal

Revisiting crossed-correlated baths in open quantum systems simulated by HEOM or T-TEDOPA.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Vesicle size and membrane composition control monomer transfer pathways in multicomponent lipid vesicles.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Polaron-mediated exciton dynamics of P(NDI2OD-T2) unveiled by transient absorption spectroscopy under electrochemical conditions.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Green-Kubo relation in a mesoscale odd fluid model.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Nitrogenation of microscopic MoS2 surfaces by oxidation scanning probe lithography.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Molecular structure, binding, and disorder in TDBC-Ag plexcitonic assemblies.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.0K

Redox potentials in ionic liquids: Anomalous behavior?

Chloe A Renfro1, John H Hymel1, Jesse G McDaniel1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|May 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ionic liquids show unique solvation behavior due to ion shell structure, affecting redox potentials. This study computationally explores these effects in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM/BF4) ionic liquid.

More Related Videos

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

10.5K
Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.0K
A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

10.5K
Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Redox potentials are influenced by solvent/electrolyte properties, specifically ionic solvation energies.
  • The Born model for solvation energy may fail in concentrated electrolytes due to ion pairing and correlation effects.
  • Previous work predicted anomalous solvation energy trends in ionic liquids, deviating significantly from the Born model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally evaluate ionic solvation energies in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM/BF4).
  • To explore anomalous solvation behavior predicted for ionic liquids.
  • To benchmark approximations in solvation energy predictions and compare with acetonitrile and molten NaCl.

Main Methods:

  • Computational evaluation of ionic solvation energies.
  • Application of linear response theory.
  • Comparison with solvation energies in acetonitrile and molten NaCl.

Main Results:

  • The overscreening effect in ionic liquids is reduced by screening from molecular ion dipoles.
  • The overscreening effect significantly modulates ionic solvation energies in molten NaCl due to the absence of permanent dipoles.
  • Ionic liquids exhibit unique solvation behavior driven by electrical susceptibility peaks from ion shell structure.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquids display distinct solvation characteristics influenced by their ion shell structure.
  • Redox potential shifts in BMIM/BF4 are modest (around 0.1 V) but can be larger in other ionic liquids resembling molten salts.