"I'm Staring at the Screen All the Time": Technology Use and Mindfulness in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic, complex medical condition associated with higher rates of anxiety in adolescents. Higher rates of anxiety are associated with poorer glycemic control. Although technological advancements have been made to improve self-management of glycemia, few technological interventions aim to mitigate anxiety symptoms. Adolescents frequently use technology every day for school and socialization in addition to management of glycemia. Technology has not yet been leveraged to provide evidence-based interventions, such as mindfulness, for anxiety symptoms and other psychosocial comorbidity in adolescents with T1D. We aimed to examine technology preferences in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, their experiences with mindfulness practices, and their perceived acceptability of a mobile health application delivering mindfulness training. Twenty participants aged 14 to 17 years old with T1D participated in this qualitative descriptive study. Interview transcripts were organized using the ATLAS.ti software version 8 and coded using an in vivo approach and thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics regarding participant demographics and hemoglobin A1c levels were analyzed using SAS statistical software version 9.2. Findings supported heavy technology use, limited experience with mindfulness, and positive receptivity regarding an app that delivered a mindfulness training program specifically for adolescents with T1D. Thus, a mobile health application may be a feasible and acceptable way to deliver an evidence-based psychosocial intervention to this vulnerable population.