Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2025
05:23
Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: March 7, 2025
306
Helicobacter pylori Treatment and Gastric Cancer Risk Among Individuals With High Genetic Risk for Gastric Cancer
Heng-Min Xu1, Yuting Han2, Zong-Chao Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
JAMA Network Open
|May 29, 2024
Summary
Helicobacter pylori treatment may reduce gastric cancer risk, particularly in individuals with high genetic predisposition. This suggests personalized prevention strategies based on genetic risk for gastric cancer are crucial.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Gastroenterology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Gastric cancer (GC) risk is influenced by genetic factors and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.
- The effectiveness of H. pylori treatment and nutritional supplementation in mitigating GC risk among genetically susceptible individuals remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify genetic variants linked to gastric lesion progression and GC risk.
- To evaluate the impact of H. pylori treatment and nutritional supplementation on GC risk across different genetic risk levels.
Main Methods:
- Utilized longitudinal data from the Shandong Intervention Trial (SIT) and China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).
- Conducted genome-wide association studies to identify genetic variants and developed polygenic risk scores (PRSs).
- Assessed the interaction between H. pylori treatment, nutritional supplementation, and genetic risk on GC incidence.
Main Results:
- A polygenic risk score (PRS) comprising 12 genetic loci was associated with increased GC risk.
- H. pylori treatment significantly reduced GC risk in individuals with high genetic risk (top 25% PRS), but not in those with low genetic risk.
- Neither vitamin nor garlic supplementation showed a significant interaction with genetic risk in modifying GC risk.
Conclusions:
- High genetic predisposition to gastric cancer can be potentially counteracted by H. pylori treatment.
- Personalized gastric cancer prevention strategies tailored to an individual's genetic risk profile are recommended for enhanced efficacy.
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