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Interventions strategies and their efficacy in illness perceptions in patients with cancer: A systematic review and

Yi Zhang1, Xuan Chen1, Rongyu Li1

  • 1Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.

European Journal of Oncology Nursing : the Official Journal of European Oncology Nursing Society
|May 29, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Interventions significantly improve cancer patients' illness perception (IP) and quality of life. Theory-based, mixed-format interventions are most effective, highlighting the need for tailored strategies for cancer dyads.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Health Psychology
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Illness perception (IP) significantly impacts cancer patients' coping and quality of life.
  • Limited research exists on interventions specifically designed to enhance IP in cancer patients and their caregivers.
  • Understanding effective IP intervention strategies is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and synthesize intervention strategies for improving illness perception (IP) in cancer patients and/or family caregivers.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of IP interventions on health outcomes through meta-analysis.
  • To explore optimal IP intervention characteristics via subgroup analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across eight databases (up to August 2023) and manual screening.
  • Synthesis of IP intervention strategies for cancer populations using the Common Sense Model (CSM).
  • Meta-analysis and subgroup analyses to assess intervention effects on health outcomes and identify optimal strategies.

Main Results:

  • 18 studies were included; 11 underwent meta-analysis. No studies focused on family caregivers' IP.
  • IP interventions demonstrated favorable effects on cancer patients' IP, quality of life, and other outcomes compared to general care.
  • Theory-based and mixed-format interventions showed significantly higher positive effects on IP outcomes than theory-less or single-format interventions.

Conclusions:

  • IP interventions positively impact cancer patients' outcomes, including quality of life.
  • Future interventions should consider individual IP traits and the specific needs of cancer patients and caregivers.
  • Further research and development of IP interventions targeting cancer patient-caregiver dyads are recommended.
Keywords:
Cancer patientsIllness perceptionInterventionQuality of life

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