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Inflammatory biomarkers are correlated with thrombus burden in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Aslı Yaman Kula1, Ahmet Volkan Kurtoğlu1, Vildan Güzel1
1Bezmialem Foundation University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Inflammatory biomarkers like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) correlate with thrombus burden in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). NLR is an independent predictor of thrombus extent, particularly in early-stage patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Hematology
- Immunology
Background:
- Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is increasingly linked to systemic inflammation.
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are key inflammatory markers associated with thrombotic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and the severity of thrombus in CVST patients, as quantified by the CVST-Score.
- To determine if NLR and PLR can predict thrombus burden in CVST.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 40 CVST patients and 40 healthy controls.
- Measurement of inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), PLR, NLR, and MLR.
- Correlation analysis between biomarkers and the CVST-Score, with patient grouping based on symptom duration.
Main Results:
- CVST patients exhibited significantly higher CRP, NLR, and PLR levels compared to controls.
- NLR and PLR showed a significant positive correlation with the CVST-Score.
- NLR was notably higher in patients presenting within 3 days of symptom onset, with a stronger correlation to CVST-Score in this early group.
Conclusions:
- NLR and PLR are significantly associated with thrombus burden in CVST.
- NLR is identified as an independent predictor of thrombus extent in CVST.
- These inflammatory markers are particularly relevant in patients diagnosed in the early stages of the condition.
Background:
Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory biomarkers play a significant role in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are related to thrombotic conditions and indicators of systemic inflammation.
Objective:
To analyze the correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and the extent of thrombus, determined by the CVST-Score.
Methods:
A total of 40 patients with CVST (24 female subjects; 60%) and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated. Inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), PLR, NLR, MLR, and the CVST-Score, were recorded to assess the relationship between biomarkers and thrombus burden. The patients were grouped according to symptom duration (group 1: 0-3 days; group 2: 4-7 days; and group 3: 8-30 days) to compare biomarker levels.
Results:
The CRP, NLR, and PLR were significantly higher in the CVST group (p < 0.001; p = 0.003; p = 0.014 respectively). The NLR and PLR presented a significant positive correlation with the CVST-Score (p = 0.003, r = 0.464; p = 0.040, r = 0.326 respectively). The NLR was significantly higher in group 1 compared with groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.016 and p = 0.014 respectively). In group 1, there was a stronger positive correlation between the CVST-Score and the NLR (p = 0.026, r = 0.591) and the PLR (p = 0.012, r = 0.648). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the NLR is a key factor in predicting the CVST-Score (p = 0.019).
Conclusion:
The NLR and PLR are associated with thrombus burden in CVST, especially in patients admitted to the hospital in the early stages. The NLR is an independent factor to predict the thrombus burden in CVST.
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