Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

16.7K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.7K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.1K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pd-Modified Metal Organic Frameworks Synthesized via Mechanochemical Extrusion: Versatile Materials for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering·2026
Same author

An electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for interleukin 18 quantification in 3D skin models derived from ALS patients.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2026
Same author

3D Artificial Skin Model As a Novel Strategy for the Detection of Pyroptosis-Cascade Activation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Nanomaterial-Based Inkjet Printing for Electrochemical Sensing.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Influence of Surface Treatments on the Pull-Off Performance of Adhesively Bonded Polylactic Acid (PLA) Specimens Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Supramolecular electrostatic functionalization of 1T-MoS<sub>2</sub> based on alkylammonium salts.

Nanoscale·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
09:05

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

7.5K

After silencing suppression: miRNA targets strike back.

Alessandro Silvestri1, Chandni Bansal1, Ignacio Rubio-Somoza2

  • 1Molecular Reprogramming and Evolution Laboratory, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.

Trends in Plant Science
|May 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Plants use RNA silencing against microbes, but pathogens deploy suppressors. When silencing fails, microRNAs (miRNAs) can trigger plant immune responses, acting as sensors against pathogens.

Keywords:
immunitymiRNApathogensilencing suppressor

More Related Videos

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs

Published on: June 12, 2018

13.8K
In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
09:05

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

7.5K
Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs

Published on: June 12, 2018

13.8K
In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Plants and microbes engage in constant conflict, with RNA silencing as a critical defense mechanism.
  • Pathogens often overcome plant defenses by using silencing suppressors to disrupt RNA silencing.
  • Dysfunctional RNA silencing in plants can activate normally silenced genes, contributing to host defense.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of plant microRNA (miRNA) targets in immune responses against pathogens.
  • To explore how miRNAs function as intracellular sensors for pathogen detection.
  • To highlight the significance of miRNA targets in plant-microbe interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on RNA silencing, miRNAs, and plant immunity.
  • Analysis of studies detailing pathogen strategies to evade plant defenses.
  • Synthesis of evidence on the role of miRNA targets in plant immune signaling.

Main Results:

  • Pathogen-derived silencing suppressors are a common strategy to counteract plant RNA silencing defenses.
  • Activated genes, normally targeted by miRNAs, can reprogram host cells for defense when RNA silencing is compromised.
  • Evidence suggests miRNAs act as intracellular sensors, facilitating rapid plant responses to pathogen invasion.

Conclusions:

  • Plant miRNA targets are crucial components of the immune system, playing a vital role in defense against various pathogens.
  • Understanding miRNA-mediated immunity offers insights into novel strategies for enhancing plant disease resistance.
  • The interplay between RNA silencing, miRNAs, and pathogen effectors is a key area for future research in plant defense.