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Updated: Jun 25, 2025
Measurement of Survival Time in Brachionus Rotifers: Synchronization of Maternal Conditions
Published on: July 22, 2016
Assessing the survival time of hospitalized patients in Eastern Ethiopia during 2019-2020 using the Bayesian
Chalachew Gashu1, Yoseph Kassa1, Habtamu Geremew2
1Department of Statistics College of Natural and Computational Science, Oda Bultum University Chiro Ethiopia.
Insights
Severe acute malnutrition significantly impacts survival in children under five. Factors like age, temperature, and comorbidities shorten survival time, necessitating early detection and community management.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Global Health
- Malnutrition Research
Background:
- Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a critical global health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
- Under-five children are particularly vulnerable to the life-threatening effects of SAM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the survival time of under-five children diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition.
- To identify factors influencing survival duration in pediatric SAM cases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 322 inpatients with SAM at Chiro hospital, Ethiopia (September 2019 - August 2020).
- Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier plots, log-rank tests, Cox proportional hazards, and Bayesian parametric survival models.
Main Results:
- A mortality rate of 36.6% (118 out of 322 patients) was observed.
- The median survival time for inpatients with SAM was estimated at 2 weeks.
- Key factors influencing survival included age, body temperature, pulse rate, nasogastric tube usage, hypoglycemia, anemia, diarrhea, dehydration, malaria, and pneumonia.
Conclusions:
- Children under 24 months, with altered vital signs, requiring nasogastric tube feeding, experiencing hypoglycemia, or having comorbidities like anemia, diarrhea, dehydration, malaria, and pneumonia face reduced survival from SAM.
- Effective community management strategies focusing on early detection and improved access to care are crucial for reducing mortality in children under five with severe acute malnutrition.
Background And Aims:
Severe acute malnutrition remains a significant health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the survival time of under-five children with severe acute malnutrition.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a hospital, focusing on under-five children with severe acute malnutrition. The study included 322 inpatients admitted to the Chiro hospital in Chiro, Ethiopia, between September 2019 and August 2020, whose data was obtained from medical records. Survival functions were analysed using Kaplan‒Meier plots and log-rank tests. The survival time of severe acute malnutrition was further analysed using the Cox proportional hazards model and Bayesian parametric survival models, employing integrated nested Laplace approximation methods.
Results:
Among the 322 patients, 118 (36.6%) died as a result of severe acute malnutrition. The estimated median survival time for inpatients was found to be 2 weeks. Model selection criteria favored the Bayesian Weibull accelerated failure time model, which demonstrated that age, body temperature, pulse rate, nasogastric (NG) tube usage, hypoglycemia, anemia, diarrhea, dehydration, malaria, and pneumonia significantly influenced the survival time of severe acute malnutrition.
Conclusions:
This study revealed that children below 24 months, those with altered body temperature and pulse rate, NG tube usage, hypoglycemia, and comorbidities such as anemia, diarrhea, dehydration, malaria, and pneumonia had a shorter survival time when affected by severe acute malnutrition under the age of five. To reduce the death rate of children under 5 years of age, it is necessary to design community management for acute malnutrition to ensure early detection and improve access to and coverage for children who are malnourished.
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