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Gender and race disparities in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among individuals with hypertension in the
Jing Shen1,2, Baoquan Wang2,3, Li Jing2,3
1Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|May 30, 2024
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence in hypertensive individuals remained stable from 2001-2016. Continuous monitoring and improved renoprotection strategies are crucial for managing CKD and addressing disparities.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Hypertension Research
- Public Health
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health concern, particularly prevalent in individuals with hypertension.
- Understanding the epidemiology of CKD in the hypertensive population is crucial for public health initiatives.
- Sex and race disparities in CKD prevalence require thorough investigation within hypertensive cohorts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States hypertensive population between 2001 and 2016.
- To identify and analyze potential sex and race disparities in CKD prevalence and staging among hypertensive individuals.
- To assess trends in CKD prevalence and staging over a 15-year period in this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 16,148 hypertensive participants (representing over 561 million US individuals) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2016).
- Employed survey-weighted general linear regression to assess albuminuria prevalence and CKD stage.
- Conducted survey-weighted logistic regression to analyze CKD stage heterogeneity stratified by sex and race.
Main Results:
- The overall prevalence of albuminuria remained stable, with minimal changes in CKD stage observed from 2001 to 2016.
- While CKD prevalence was higher in women and in combined 'other' races compared to non-Hispanic Whites, these differences did not reach statistical significance.
- The study indicated a plateau in CKD staging within the hypertensive population over the observed period.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence and staging of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the US hypertensive population showed stability between 2001 and 2016.
- Findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance of CKD in hypertensive patients.
- Refinement of renoprotection strategies is recommended to address the persistent burden of CKD and mitigate health disparities.
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