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Improving the detection limit in lung counting with a segmented HPGe detector.

Henri Jutila¹, Paul Greenlees¹, Tiina Torvela²

¹Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.

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Summary

A new segmented High-Purity Germanium detector with active shielding significantly reduces background noise in lung counting. This improves the minimum detectable activity (MDA) for both internal and external radioactive sources, enhancing field measurements.

Keywords:

Geant4 simulation Lung counting MDA Segmented HPGe detector Voxel phantom

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Area of Science:

Nuclear instrumentation and radiation detection.
Medical physics and computational modeling.
Environmental and occupational health physics.

Background:

Lung counting applications require sensitive detection of internal radioactive contamination.
Compton scattering from internal and external sources creates background noise in High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector spectra.
Minimizing background is crucial for accurate assessment of inhaled radionuclides like Americium-241 (Am-241).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effectiveness of a segmented HPGe detector with active and passive shielding in reducing background events for lung counting.
To evaluate the impact of this configuration on the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) compared to traditional single-crystal HPGe detectors.
To assess the suitability of the proposed detector system for field measurements.

Main Methods:

Simulations were performed using the Geant4 toolkit.
Eight different segmented HPGe detector models with various shielding configurations were tested.
Inhaled Am-241 activity was simulated in the lungs of an ICRP adult reference computational phantom.
The reduction in MDA for internal and external sources was calculated and compared.

Main Results:

The segmented HPGe detector combined with active shielding demonstrated a significant reduction in background events.
A reduction in MDA of up to 30% for internal sources and 66% for external sources was achieved.
The proposed detector configuration effectively lowers the detection limit and/or measurement time.

Conclusions:

The segmented HPGe detector with active shielding is a promising advancement for lung counting applications.
This technology can improve the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring internal radioactive contamination.
The system is particularly advantageous for mobile or field-based radiation monitoring scenarios.