Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

2.5K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
2.5K
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

2.4K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
2.4K
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

10.9K
Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
10.9K
Nociception01:44

Nociception

27.8K
Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
27.8K
Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division01:18

Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division

1.2K
The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) alone accounts for approximately 75...
1.2K
Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia01:21

Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia

2.4K
The sympathetic chain ganglia, also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or paravertebral ganglia, are a series of ganglia located bilaterally on either side of the spinal column. These ganglia serve as relay stations for the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic neurons originating in the spinal cord project their axons to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Within the ganglia, these preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons.
The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic trunk...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

TENS in chronic pain management: a 11-year nationwide analysis using the French National Health Data System.

Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research·2026
Same author

Outcomes of Microvascular Decompression for Young-Onset Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide blockade in migraine and the transformation of clinical practice.

Headache·2026
Same author

Impact of teleconsultation on headache management in tertiary care centers: A questionnaire-based study evaluating patient benefits, concerns, and the reduction of environmental impact from patient travel.

Headache·2026
Same author

White matter microstructural alterations in episodic cluster headache outside attacks: a tract-based spatial statistics study.

The journal of headache and pain·2026
Same author

Quantitative Sensory Testing Identifies Altered Thermal and Pain Processing in Trigeminal Neuralgia.

European journal of neurology·2026
Same journal

Primary aldosteronism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Primary aldosteronism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Buruli ulcer in Africa: between innovation and pragmatism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Atopic dermatitis.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Integrating sexual health into care for patients with cancer and chronic illness.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
09:35

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain

Published on: May 10, 2017

18.8K

Trigeminal neuralgia.

Sait Ashina1,2,3, Carrie E Robertson4, Anan Srikiatkhachorn5

  • 1BIDMC Comprehensive Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. sashina@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|May 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a severe facial pain condition. Treatment involves medication like carbamazepine, with surgery as an option for persistent pain.

More Related Videos

Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances
10:35

Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances

Published on: July 5, 2011

46.4K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Peripheral Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Trigeminal Nerve Injury
04:39

Author Spotlight: Exploring Peripheral Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Trigeminal Nerve Injury

Published on: February 9, 2024

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
09:35

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain

Published on: May 10, 2017

18.8K
Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances
10:35

Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances

Published on: July 5, 2011

46.4K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Peripheral Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Trigeminal Nerve Injury
04:39

Author Spotlight: Exploring Peripheral Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Trigeminal Nerve Injury

Published on: February 9, 2024

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pain Medicine

Background:

  • Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating facial pain disorder.
  • It presents diagnostic and treatment challenges, affecting quality of life.
  • TN subtypes include classical, secondary, and idiopathic, with higher prevalence in women and the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of trigeminal neuralgia.
  • To discuss its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic considerations.
  • To outline current treatment strategies, including pharmacotherapy and surgical options.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on TN incidence and prevalence.
  • Analysis of the multifactorial pathophysiology, including neurovascular compression and demyelination.
  • Examination of neuroimaging findings in brain regions involved in pain modulation.
  • Evaluation of treatment approaches, from first-line drugs to surgical interventions.

Main Results:

  • TN pathophysiology involves genetic, anatomical, and neurophysiological factors leading to neuronal hyperexcitability.
  • Neurovascular compression and demyelination of trigeminal afferents are key etiological factors.
  • Brain imaging reveals abnormalities in pain modulation and emotional processing areas.
  • Pharmacotherapy (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine) is the initial treatment, with surgery as an alternative.

Conclusions:

  • TN management requires a personalized, multifaceted approach.
  • Early consideration of surgical options is vital when pharmacotherapy fails or is contraindicated.
  • Understanding TN's complex mechanisms is crucial for effective treatment strategies.