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Surface currents shape protist community structure across the Indo-Pacific.

Erin M Borbee¹, Inna Ayu Puspa², Ester Restiana Endang Gelis²

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA.

Journal of Phycology

|May 31, 2024

Summary

Marine protist communities in Indonesia show significant spatial structuring, primarily driven by ocean currents and nutrient availability, not by interactions with other species. This research fills a critical data gap in the Indo-Pacific biodiversity hotspot.

Keywords:

biodiversity metabarcoding protist sea surface currents

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Area of Science:

Marine ecology
Microbial oceanography
Biodiversity research

Background:

Marine protist communities are influenced by dispersal and environmental factors.
High-throughput sequencing has advanced marine protist research globally.
The Indo-Pacific region, an epicenter of marine biodiversity, lacks comprehensive molecular barcoding data for protists.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize protist communities in four Indonesian sampling regions.
To investigate the drivers of spatial structuring in marine protist communities.
To address the critical data gap in Indo-Pacific protist molecular ecology.

Main Methods:

High-throughput sequencing for molecular barcoding of protist communities.
Sampling across Indonesian regions representing latitudinal, longitudinal, and human population gradients.
Analysis of community composition in relation to environmental and oceanographic data.

Main Results:

Significant spatial structuring of marine protist communities was observed across Indonesia.
Abiotic factors, particularly surface current patterns and nutrient availability, were identified as primary drivers.
Specific oceanographic features like the Indonesian Throughflow and Halmahera Eddy influenced protist diversity and distribution.

Conclusions:

Abiotic factors play a dominant role in shaping marine protist communities at broad geographic scales.
Biotic interactions, such as grazing, appear to have a lesser impact on community structure in this region.
The study provides crucial molecular data for the understudied Indo-Pacific protist communities.