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Intimate Partner Violence Among Service Members and Veterans: Differences by Sex and Rurality
David L Albright1, Justin McDaniel2, Kelli Godfrey1
1School of Social Work, University of Alabama.
Traumatology
|May 31, 2024
Summary
Military service members and veterans (SMVs) face higher intimate partner violence (IPV) risks, especially rural women. Prevention programs should prioritize rural female SMVs due to elevated IPV victimization rates compared to civilians.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Military Health
Background:
- Military service members and veterans (SMVs) may have an increased risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization due to service-related factors.
- Rurality is a known risk factor for IPV, but its interaction with SMV status and sex in IPV victimization remains underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate and compare rates of IPV victimization in rural versus urban areas within the United States.
- To analyze these rates based on military service member and veteran (SMV) status and sex.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (n = 18,755).
- Employed a mixed-effects, multilevel generalized linear model to analyze IPV victimization.
- Linked model results with U.S. Census Bureau population data to generate predicted estimates.
Main Results:
- The overall IPV victimization prevalence rate in the BRFSS sample was 16.90%.
- Female SMVs exhibited higher IPV victimization rates (rural: 23.54%, urban: 23.34%) compared to female civilians (rural: 14.55%, urban: 14.50%).
- Male civilians showed higher IPV victimization rates (rural: 8.06%, urban: 8.02%) than male SMVs (rural: 7.21%, urban: 7.17%).
Conclusions:
- Significant variations in IPV prevalence exist across different demographic subgroups (SMV status, sex, location).
- Rural-dwelling female SMVs are identified as a high-risk group for IPV victimization.
- IPV prevention and recovery programs should specifically target rural-dwelling female SMVs.
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