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Implications of pulse wave velocity and central pulse pressure in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Anette Caroline Kõre1, Tuuli Joonsalu1,2, Martin Serg1,3

  • 1Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

Blood Pressure
|May 31, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and central pulse pressure (PP) are linked to left ventricular (LV) function in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). These hemodynamic measures may aid in managing HFrEF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and central pulse pressure (PP) are key indicators of vascular health and cardiovascular risk.
  • Understanding central hemodynamics in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between central hemodynamic parameters and left ventricular (LV) echocardiographic measures in HFrEF patients.
  • To compare these associations with those observed in healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 50 HFrEF patients and 30 healthy controls.
  • Pulse wave analysis (PWA) and cfPWV were used to assess central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness.
  • Echocardiography was performed to evaluate LV parameters, including LVEF and LVEDV index.

Main Results:

  • HFrEF patients exhibited higher cfPWV and lower central and peripheral systolic blood pressure compared to controls.
  • In HFrEF, cfPWV correlated with LVEDV index and LVEF; LVEDV index independently predicted cfPWV.
  • Central PP was associated with heart rate, LVEF, and LVEDV index; LVEDV index independently predicted central PP.

Conclusions:

  • Significant associations exist between central hemodynamic measures and LV echocardiographic parameters in HFrEF.
  • Pulse wave analysis (PWA) and cfPWV show potential as tools for managing HFrEF.
Abstract

Keywords:
Heart failure with reduced ejection fractionarterial stiffnesscentral hemodynamicscentral pulse pressurepulse wave analysispulse wave velocity

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