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  11. Gut Microbiome In The Graves' Disease: Comparison Before And After Anti-thyroid Drug Treatment

Gut microbiome in the Graves' disease: Comparison before and after anti-thyroid drug treatment

Chaiho Jeong1, Hansang Baek1, Jaewoong Bae2

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Plos One
|May 31, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Graves' disease (GD) alters gut bacteria diversity and composition. Anti-thyroid drug (ATD) treatment for GD helps restore gut microbiome balance, improving hyperthyroidism symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome Research
  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The gut microbiome's role in Graves' disease (GD) pathogenesis is suggested but not fully understood.
  • Limited research exists on how anti-thyroid drug (ATD) treatment impacts the gut microbiome in GD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in the gut microbiome of GD patients before and after ATD treatment.
  • To correlate changes in gut microbial composition with thyroid function, antibodies, and hyperthyroidism symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Stool samples from newly diagnosed GD patients (n=29) at baseline and after 6 months of ATD treatment.
  • Comparison with a healthy control (HC) group (n=230) from the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database.
  • Analysis of alpha diversity, microbial composition (phyla, genera), and association with clinical parameters.

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Main Results:

  • GD patients showed reduced gut microbial alpha diversity, which increased to HC levels after ATD treatment.
  • GD patients had lower Firmicutes and higher Bacteroidota; ATD treatment reversed this trend, resembling HC.
  • Specific genera like Roseburia and Akkermansia were decreased in GD but showed recovery post-treatment; Anaerostipes correlated with smoking and TSHR-Ab levels.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome is significantly altered in Graves' disease.
  • ATD treatment can restore gut microbiome diversity and composition towards healthy levels.
  • Gut microbiome modulation may play a role in GD pathogenesis and treatment response.