V-doped activated Ru/Ti_2.5V_0.5C₂ dual-active center accelerate hydrogen production from ammonia borane

Designing and constructing the active center of Ru-based catalysts is the key to efficient hydrolysis of ammonia borane (NH₃BH₃, AB) for hydrogen production. Herein, V-doped Ru/Ti_2.5V_0.5C₂ dual-active center catalysts were synthesized, showing excellent catalytic ability for AB hydrolysis. The corresponding turnover frequency value was 1072 min^-1 at 298 K, and the hydrolysis rate r_B of AB was 235 × 10³ mL·min^-1·g_Ru^-1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that the interaction between V-doped Ti₃C₂ and catalytic metal Ru transfers electrons from Ti to Ru, resulting in electron-rich Ru species. According to density functional theory calculations, the activation energy and reaction dissociation energy of the reactants AB and H₂O on V-doped catalysts were lower than those of Ru/Ti₃C₂, thus optimizing the catalytic kinetics of AB hydrolysis. The modification strategy of V-doped Ti₃C₂ provides a new pathway for the development of high-performance catalysts for AB hydrolysis.