Understanding task "challenge" in stroke rehabilitation: an interdisciplinary concept analysis

Area of Science:

• Neurorehabilitation
• Disability Studies

Background:

• Rehabilitation is crucial for minimizing disability post-stroke.
• The concept of "challenge" is proposed as essential for rehabilitation efficacy and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore how "challenge" is conceptualized in stroke rehabilitation literature.
• To define "challenge" for stroke rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

• Principle-based concept analysis of 42 papers.
• Data analysis involved immersion, analytical questioning, coding, and synthesis.

Main Results:

• Challenge is a multidimensional, dynamic concept with nominal, functional, and perceived facets.
• Functional and perceived challenge are integral to optimal challenge.
• Optimal challenge enhances outcomes and experiences for individuals with stroke.

Conclusions:

• Optimized challenge positively influences learning, recovery, and engagement after stroke.
• This review provides a conceptual foundation for understanding and advancing challenge in stroke rehabilitation.
• Addresses the growing burden of stroke disability through improved rehabilitation strategies.