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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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2023 EULAR classification criteria for hand osteoarthritis.

Ida K Haugen1, David T Felson2, Abhishek Abhishek3

  • 1Center for Treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway ida.haugen@diakonsyk.no.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|May 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

New European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) criteria classify hand osteoarthritis (OA) using self-reported data and radiographic features. These criteria offer a rigorous method for diagnosing overall, interphalangeal, and thumb base OA in clinical studies.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyOsteoarthritisPatient Reported Outcome Measures

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Osteoarthritis Research
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Hand osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosis relies on various clinical and radiographic features.
  • Existing classification criteria may require refinement for improved accuracy and consistency.
  • Standardized criteria are essential for reliable clinical studies and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate new classification criteria for overall hand OA, interphalangeal OA, and thumb base OA.
  • To establish criteria based on self-reported data and radiographic evidence.
  • To compare the performance of the newly developed European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) criteria with existing American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria.

Main Methods:

  • A three-phase development process involving identification of discriminating criteria, consensus-based evaluation, and scoring system refinement.
  • Utilizing self-reported data (age, morning stiffness duration) and radiographic features (osteophytes, joint space narrowing, symptom-radiograph concordance).
  • Comparing sensitivity and specificity of EULAR criteria against 1990 ACR criteria in multiple datasets.

Main Results:

  • Hand OA classification incorporates age, symptom duration, osteophyte/joint space narrowing counts, and symptom-radiograph concordance.
  • A scoring system was developed with a threshold of 9 points for overall hand OA and 8 points for interphalangeal/thumb base OA.
  • EULAR criteria showed superior sensitivity in initial data but comparable performance to ACR criteria in external cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • International experts successfully developed the EULAR criteria for classifying hand OA subtypes.
  • The criteria are based on a rigorous methodology integrating clinical and radiographic data.
  • These new EULAR criteria provide a standardized approach for hand OA classification in clinical research.