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The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
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Precipitation data in Seoul, Korea during 1778-1907.

Jae-Won Lee1, Ho-Jeong Shin1, Jinkyu Hong2

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Summary

This study presents the longest daily precipitation record globally before the Industrial Revolution, spanning 130 years in Seoul. This valuable climate data aids understanding of East Asian weather during the late Little Ice Age.

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Area of Science:

  • Climatology
  • Historical Meteorology
  • Hydrology

Background:

  • Precipitation is vital for global energy and water cycles, impacting food, water, and energy security.
  • Historical precipitation records are crucial for understanding past climate but are scarce before the Industrial Revolution.
  • The Joseon Dynasty in Korea maintained detailed rainfall records in Seungjeongwon Ilgi and Ilseongnok.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive, high-quality daily precipitation dataset for Seoul from 1778 to 1907.
  • To address data inconsistencies in previous analyses of historical Korean precipitation records.
  • To provide a valuable resource for climate research, particularly for the late Little Ice Age in East Asia.

Main Methods:

  • Digitization of historical Joseon Dynasty documents (Seungjeongwon Ilgi and Ilseongnok).
  • Combining and cross-validating daily precipitation data from the two distinct historical sources.
  • Ensuring data integrity and addressing inconsistencies to create a gap-free dataset.

Main Results:

  • A 130-year daily precipitation dataset for Seoul (1778-1907) was compiled.
  • The resulting dataset is the longest continuous daily precipitation record globally prior to the Industrial Revolution.
  • The dataset is unique for being entirely free of missing values.

Conclusions:

  • The newly compiled precipitation dataset offers unprecedented insights into historical climate variability in East Asia.
  • This resource is crucial for advancing climate research, especially concerning the late Little Ice Age.
  • Public availability of this data will significantly benefit the scientific community studying past climate dynamics.