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    We demonstrate a compact method for creating cylindrical vector beams using a Michelson interferometer and an astigmatic mode converter. This technique expands the use of mode conversion for complex vector beams, benefiting various applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics

    Background:

    • Cylindrical vector beams possess unique polarization properties.
    • Generating these beams often requires complex setups.
    • Astigmatic mode conversion is typically used for scalar beams.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and experimentally demonstrate a compact technique for generating cylindrical vector beams.
    • To generalize astigmatic mode conversion for vector beams with non-homogeneous polarization.
    • To highlight the potential benefits for applications utilizing Michelson interferometers.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a Michelson interferometer.
    • Employing a π-astigmatic mode converter to invert the topological charge of higher-order Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beams.
    • Experimental demonstration of the proposed compact technique.

    Main Results:

    • Successful generation of cylindrical vector beams using the proposed compact setup.
    • Demonstration of generalized astigmatic mode conversion for vector beams.
    • Experimental validation of the technique's feasibility and compactness.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed technique offers a compact and effective method for generating cylindrical vector beams.
    • This work extends the application of astigmatic mode conversion to complex vector beam generation.
    • The technique is expected to benefit numerous applications employing Michelson interferometers and vector beams.