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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
2.6K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

2.4K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Constructing Thioether/Vinyl Sulfide-tethered Helical Peptides Via Photo-induced Thiol-ene/yne Hydrothiolation
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Unlocking the Potential of Polythioesters.

Adam W Woodhouse1,2, Azra Kocaarslan3, Jennifer A Garden2

  • 1Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR 7361 CNRS/Université de Haute Alsace, 15 Rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse, Cedex, 68057, France.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|June 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polythioesters, sulfur-containing polymers, offer sustainable alternatives to polyesters with enhanced properties. Research is advancing synthesis methods for eco-friendly materials, though industrialization faces challenges.

Keywords:
biosynthesispolycondensationpolythioestersrecyclablering‐opening polymerizationsustainable

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Growing demand for sustainable polymers drives research into alternatives like polyesters.
  • Polythioesters, analogous to polyesters but with sulfur, offer unique properties like thermal resistance and biodegradability.
  • Despite potential, polythioesters remain underexplored compared to conventional polyesters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in polythioester synthesis methods.
  • To highlight the benefits and challenges of various polythioester production processes.
  • To encourage further research into sustainable polythioester development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of step-growth polymerization techniques for polythioesters.
  • Analysis of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) methods for polythioester synthesis.
  • Exploration of biosynthetic routes for producing polythioesters.

Main Results:

  • Multiple synthesis methods for polythioesters have been developed over the last 25 years.
  • Key properties of polythioesters include thermal resistance, degradability, and high refractive index.
  • Challenges to industrialization include cost, yield, and byproduct toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Polythioesters present a promising frontier for developing eco-friendly and recyclable materials.
  • Further research is needed to overcome industrialization challenges and unlock the full potential of polythioesters.
  • Advancements in synthesis are crucial for realizing sustainable alternatives to conventional polymers.