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Vaccination protocols in Québec dairy herds
M P Morin1, G Fecteau2, J P Roy3
1Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2, Canada; Regroupement pour un Lait de Qualité optimale, Op+lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2, Canada; Bovine Health Research Group, GRESABO, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2, Canada; Research Chair in Biosecurity of Dairy Production, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2, Canada.
Veterinarian and dairy producer vaccination protocols vary significantly, with core vaccines most common. Herd vaccination practices are influenced by veterinarian, clinic, and farm type, impacting disease prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Effective vaccination protocols are crucial for dairy herd health and disease control.
- Standardized vaccination Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are developed collaboratively by veterinarians and producers.
- Understanding variations in these protocols can improve biosecurity and herd management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe and analyze vaccination SOPs used in Québec dairy herds.
- To assess the association between dairy herd characteristics and vaccination protocols.
- To identify factors influencing the adoption of specific vaccine types.
Main Methods:
- Observational study analyzing 3,759 vaccination procedures from 2018-2021.
- Data collected via the proAction quality assurance program.
- Generalized statistical mixed-effects models used to assess associations and variance components.
Main Results:
- 90% of herds had at least one vaccination target in their SOP.
- Core vaccines (88%) were most frequent, followed by mastitis (22%), neonatal diarrhea (18%), and clostridial (15%).
- Vaccination SOPs varied primarily by veterinarian and clinic characteristics; clostridial vaccination decisions varied by clinic.
Conclusions:
- Veterinarian and veterinary clinic characteristics significantly influence dairy herd vaccination SOPs.
- Organic and pasture-access farming practices are associated with different vaccination strategies.
- Tailored vaccination strategies are essential for optimal dairy herd health management.
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