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Related Concept Videos

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

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Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

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Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Dissection of Xenopus laevis Neural Crest for in vitro Explant Culture or in vivo Transplantation
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Actin depolymerizing factor destrin governs cell migration in neural development during Xenopus embryogenesis.

Youni Kim1, Hyun-Kyung Lee1, Kyeong-Yeon Park1

  • 1KNU G-LAMP Project Group, KNU Institute of Basic Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.

Molecules and Cells
|June 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Destrin (Dstn) is crucial for embryonic development, regulating actin dynamics. Its depletion in Xenopus embryos caused developmental defects, including shortened body axes and impaired neural cell migration.

Keywords:
DestrinF-actinNeural crestNeurulationXenopus laevis

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The actin cytoskeleton is vital for cell differentiation and embryonic development.
  • Destrin (Dstn), an actin-depolymerizing factor, modulates actin dynamics but its developmental roles are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological functions of destrin (Dstn) during early embryonic development.
  • To elucidate the role of Dstn in neural development and cell migration using Xenopus laevis.

Main Methods:

  • Xenopus laevis embryos were used as a model organism.
  • Dstn expression patterns were analyzed during embryogenesis.
  • Dstn function was studied through depletion (knockdown) experiments.

Main Results:

  • Dstn is expressed in anterior neural tissues and the neural plate during Xenopus embryogenesis.
  • Dstn depletion resulted in embryos with short body axes and small heads.
  • Inhibition of Dstn led to an expanded neural plate and impaired cell migration during neurulation and neural crest cell migration.

Conclusions:

  • Destrin plays a significant role in early embryonic neural development.
  • Actin dynamics regulated by Dstn are essential for proper cell migration during neurulation and neural crest development.
  • Further research is needed to understand the complex regulatory networks involving actin dynamics in cell migration.