[Recent findings and advances in treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Imatinib, the first ABL-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), revolutionized chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment upon its 2000 approval.
• The CML therapeutic landscape has evolved with the introduction of second- and third-generation TKIs, and asciminib, targeting the BCR-ABL1 myristoyl pocket, approved in 2022.
• Six distinct drugs are now available for CML management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent predictions on TKI treatment response in CML.
• To discuss the role of asciminib in CML therapy.
• To explore the development of novel CML agents and current TKI discontinuation strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent predictions on TKI treatment response.
• Analysis of the clinical utility of asciminib and emerging CML therapies.
• Examination of updated clinical guidelines for CML management, including TKI dose reduction and discontinuation.

Main Results:

• Recent predictions offer insights into optimizing TKI treatment response.
• Asciminib presents a new therapeutic option by targeting a distinct site on BCR-ABL1.
• Updated guidelines address TKI dose reduction and discontinuation, reflecting advancements in CML management.

Conclusions:

• The evolving landscape of CML treatment necessitates updated management strategies.
• New agents and targeted therapies like asciminib enhance treatment options for CML patients.
• Current research focuses on refining TKI treatment protocols, including discontinuation, to improve patient outcomes.