Choosing the Appropriate HPV Testing and Treatment Algorithm: What Works for Different Contexts?

Cervical cancer can be eliminated, and the global community intends to achieve this goal in the next century. For this to successfully occur, concerted efforts to implement and scale-up available, evidence-based strategies including human papillomavirus vaccination, screening and treatment of precancerous lesions, and early detection and treatment for invasive cancers is paramount. While the World Health Organization has offered technical guidance and recommendations on implementation, several questions remain unanswered and require urgent high-quality research to inform policy and practice. We discuss the findings from the Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Algorithms pilot study in the context of the evidence synthesis conducted for the second edition of the World Health Organization guidelines for screening and treatment of cervical precancer lesions for cervical cancer prevention. Policymakers at the national level must consider the weight of evidence with country-level resources to make decisions on screening, triage, and treatment approaches. See related article by Sebitloane et al., p. 779.