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Omicron neutralization character in patients with breast cancer and liver cancer after the nationwide omicron
Shaohua Zhang1, Lili Tang2,3, Chunmei Bao2
1Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Cancer Medicine
|June 3, 2024
Summary
Cancer patients show varied COVID-19 vaccine responses. Boosted liver cancer patients had better antibody levels against Omicron subvariants than breast cancer patients. Vaccine strategies need personalization for cancer patients.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Virology
Background:
- Omicron variant surges caused widespread breakthrough infections in China starting December 2022.
- This study investigates neutralization profiles in cancer patients following Omicron subvariant infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze serum neutralization profiles in breast and liver cancer patients after Omicron breakthrough infections.
- To compare vaccine responses and antibody levels against various Omicron subvariants in vaccinated versus unvaccinated cancer patients.
Main Methods:
- Real-world study including 143 vaccinated and 105 unvaccinated cancer patients (breast and liver).
- Analysis of anti-spike receptor binding domain (RBD) IgGs and 50% pseudovirus neutralization titers (pVNT50).
- Evaluated response against wild type, circulating omicron (BA.4-BA.5, BF.7), and XBB.1.5 subvariants.
Main Results:
- Liver cancer patients receiving boosters showed higher anti-RBD IgG against Omicron and XBB.1.5 than breast cancer patients.
- Vaccinated patients had higher neutralizing antibody titers against BA.4-BA.5 and BF.7 compared to unvaccinated.
- Unvaccinated patients showed higher neutralization against XBB.1.5, particularly in breast cancer patients.
Conclusions:
- Significant differences exist in vaccine response and protection against COVID-19 in liver versus breast cancer patients.
- Recommends optimizing COVID-19 vaccine strategies based on individual cancer patient immunology.
- Highlights the need for tailored vaccine approaches considering cancer type and immune profiles.
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