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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters
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Circadian clock neurons use activity-regulated gene expression for structural plasticity.

Seana Lymer, Keyur Patel, Jennifer Lennon

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |June 3, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Fruit fly circadian neurons expand projections at dawn, controlled by activity-regulated genes like Hr38 and Sr. These genes link neuronal activity to structural plasticity, crucial for daily rhythms.

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    Single-cell Resolution Fluorescence Live Imaging of Drosophila Circadian Clocks in Larval Brain Culture
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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Chronobiology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • * *Drosophila* small ventral lateral neurons (s-LNvs) exhibit significant structural plasticity, with projections extending at dawn and retracting by dusk.
    • * This daily rhythm in s-LNv structure is influenced by both the molecular clock and neuronal excitability.
    • * Understanding the molecular basis of this plasticity is key to deciphering circadian regulation.

    Conclusions:

    • * The *Drosophila* s-LNv molecular clock regulates neuronal excitability.
    • * This excitability change couples to an activity-regulated gene expression program to control daily structural plasticity.
    • * Hr38 and Sr act as critical mediators in the pathway linking neuronal activity to circadian structural rhythms.