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Men with HIV Have Increased Alveolar Bone Loss.

Michelle Skelton1, Cameron Callahan1, Michael Levit1

  • 1Columbia University.

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|June 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Men with HIV show greater alveolar bone loss, potentially linked to elevated IL6 levels. This highlights the need for integrated oral health management in people living with HIV (PLWH) and further research into HIV-related periodontal disease mechanisms.

Keywords:
HIV/AIDSbone biologymen’s healthperiodontal disease

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Area of Science:

  • Oral health research
  • Immunology
  • Infectious disease

Background:

  • Periodontal health in men with HIV is understudied.
  • HIV infection is associated with gingival inflammation and bone loss.
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved quality of life for people living with HIV (PLWH), leading to focus on aging-related comorbidities like periodontitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess alveolar bone height in men with and without HIV.
  • To measure gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines.
  • To evaluate periodontal disease activity in relation to HIV status.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 93 men (50 HIV+, 43 HIV-) aged 35-70 years.
  • Conducted periodontal examinations and GCF collection.
  • Performed intraoral radiographs to assess alveolar bone height.

Main Results:

  • Men with HIV had significantly greater alveolar bone loss (higher alveolar crestal height) than HIV-negative men (p=0.004).
  • No significant differences in bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss, or pocket depths were observed.
  • A trend towards elevated GCF IL6 levels was noted in men with HIV (p=0.059).

Conclusions:

  • Men with HIV exhibit increased alveolar bone loss, potentially mediated by elevated IL6.
  • Results emphasize the importance of oral health management for PLWH.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms linking HIV, cytokine dysregulation, and periodontal health.