Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

In situ Subcellular Fractionation of Adherent and Non-adherent Mammalian Cells
09:20

In situ Subcellular Fractionation of Adherent and Non-adherent Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 23, 2010

15.8K

A Peptide Derived from Sorting Nexin 1 Inhibits HPV16 Entry, Retrograde Trafficking, and L2 Membrane Spanning

Shuaizhi Li1,2, Zachary L Williamson1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, Matthew A Christofferson1,4

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|June 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

A novel peptide, SNX1.3, effectively inhibits human papillomavirus (HPV) infection by blocking viral entry and intracellular trafficking. This discovery offers a potential new strategy for preventing HPV-related cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) causes nearly all cervical cancers and a significant portion of other human cancers.
  • HPV infection necessitates viral genome (vDNA) delivery to basal keratinocyte nuclei, a process mediated by the minor capsid protein L2.
  • Retrograde trafficking and nuclear localization are crucial steps in HPV infection, involving pathways similar to those affected by sorting nexin 1 (SNX1).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of the cell-permeable peptide SNX1.3 on human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infection.
  • To determine if SNX1.3 can inhibit HPV infection by targeting retrograde trafficking pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized SNX1.3, a peptide derived from sorting nexin 1 (SNX1), known to block retrograde trafficking of EGFR.
  • Assessed the impact of SNX1.3 on HPV16 virion endocytosis, retrograde trafficking, Golgi localization, and L2 protein function.
  • Monitored cell proliferation and post-Golgi trafficking to evaluate SNX1.3's specificity.

Main Results:

  • SNX1.3 significantly inhibited HPV16 infection by delaying virion endocytosis.
  • SNX1.3 potently blocked HPV16 virion retrograde trafficking and Golgi localization.
  • The peptide impaired the membrane-spanning function of the L2 protein without affecting cell proliferation or post-Golgi trafficking.

Conclusions:

  • SNX1.3 is a potent inhibitor of HPV16 infection, acting at multiple stages including endocytosis and retrograde trafficking.
  • SNX1.3's mechanism involves interference with the L2 capsid protein's function.
  • Further research into SNX1.3, EGFR signaling, and SNX1-mediated trafficking could yield novel therapeutic strategies against HPV infections.
Keywords:
HPV16L2SNX-BARSNX1membrane spanningminor capsid proteinretrograde traffickingsorting nexin 1viral entry

More Related Videos

Use of Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay to Characterize Novel T-cell Epitopes of Human Papillomavirus13:41

Use of Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay to Characterize Novel T-cell Epitopes of Human Papillomavirus

Published on: March 8, 2012

12.4K
A Comparative Approach to Characterize the Landscape of Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions13:56

A Comparative Approach to Characterize the Landscape of Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: July 18, 2013

11.2K

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.4K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.6K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.5K
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
2.3K
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
2.8K
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
3.6K