Zinc-Carbon Battery Recycling for Investigating Carbon Materials for Supercapacitor Applications

In this paper, carbon materials, including graphene nanosheets and carbon nanoparticles, were prepared from spent zinc-carbon batteries by the following two simple methods: electrochemical exfoliation and ultrasonication. Here, graphene nanosheets were synthesized by electrochemical exfoliation in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ by using a direct current power supply with two carbon rods from spent zinc-carbon batteries. Carbon nanoparticles were prepared by fast ultrasonication in a low-cost, green solution of DI water and ethanol. Graphene nanosheets in this study have high quality, large scale, and good electrochemical ability, while carbon nanoparticles have a unique nanosize and a good specific surface area. These carbon materials were applied for electrochemical measurements for supercapacitor studies and showed excellent stability at different temperatures. Moreover, electric double-layer capacitor devices based on graphene nanosheets and carbon nanoparticles were also used in electrochemical studies with strong stability and good electrochemical capability.