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The correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people: a cross-sectional study.

Hejun Jiang1, Guijun Yang1, Jing Chen2

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|June 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Higher selenium intake is linked to improved lung function in asthma patients. Daily intake of 137.65 mcg to 200 mcg selenium is recommended for optimal pulmonary function in individuals with asthma.

Keywords:
NHANES (National Health and nutrition examination survey)asthmacross-sectional studylung functionselenium intake

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Pulmonology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition affecting millions worldwide.
  • Lung function impairment is a key characteristic of asthma.
  • Dietary factors, including trace elements, may influence asthma severity and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between selenium intake and lung function parameters in individuals with asthma.
  • To determine if the level of selenium intake correlates with improvements in lung function among asthmatic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 4,541 participants in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
  • Utilized multivariate linear regression, variance inflation factor, restricted cubic splines, and quantile regression to assess the relationship between selenium intake and lung function.
  • Categorized selenium intake into four quartiles (Q1: ≤76.75 mcg/d, Q2: 76.75-105.1 mcg/d, Q3: 105.1-137.65 mcg/d, Q4: ≥137.65 mcg/d).

Main Results:

  • Asthma showed a negative association with the Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second to Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) and FEV1.
  • Selenium intake was positively associated with FEV1 and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC).
  • Higher selenium intake (Q4) significantly improved FVC and FEV1 in asthmatic individuals compared to low intake (Q1). The positive impact on FVC was dose-dependent.

Conclusions:

  • A positive correlation exists between selenium intake and lung function in asthma patients, with the strength of this association dependent on intake levels.
  • Recommended daily selenium intake for asthma patients is between 137.65 mcg and 200 mcg to enhance pulmonary function.
  • Adequate selenium consumption may be a beneficial strategy for managing lung function in individuals with asthma.